1. The empire proper. The eight elector kingdoms, duchies and principalities who all have a say in the election of the Emperor.

a. The Kingdom of Germany. Austria, Bavaria and Brandenberg-Saxony have been monopolising power for centuries, the smaller states to the west are getting increasingly annoyed at this.
b. The Kingdom of Burgundy. Quite a lot of French and Italian speakers, but considering the wine, that's not necessarily a bad thing.
c. The Kingdom of Italy. Venice, Milan, Bologna and Ravenna have been throughly Germanised. Less so the rest of thet state.
d. Duchy of Bohemia. Quite a nice place, so long as your not a serf.
e. Principality of the Croats. Had some problems with Orthodox Serbs back in the 1500s, but a little fire and steel soon sorted that out.
f. Duchy of Poland. Fewer and fewer Polish speakers every year. Most of them are moving on to settle the frontiers.
g. Principality of Ruthenia. 100% Christian, or so they claim anyway. Either way the latest Inquisition will soon set things straight.
h. Duchy of Grand Livonia. German colonised, Lithuanians, Swedes and Russian don't like that, but who cares what they think?

2. English possessions on the continent Technically a vassal state of the empire, when the English monarch rose in rebellion along with his French counterpart in 1381, Normandy, Brittany and Flanders were quickly occupied. After the rebellion, they technically became autonomous regions of the empire, however no one ever got round to getting rid of the English administration. Now these regions simply answer to London on most issues.

3. The Kingdom of France. After the failed rebellion the country was split into various lordships and duchies and an elective monarcy was installed along the lines of Germany. Huge divisions continue to exist between various fiefdoms, and as the elction requires the approval of the Emperor, no truely effective King has yet taken power.

4. Italian states and the Papal state. Various city states of the Mediterranean coast resisted integration into the empire rather successfully, and were therefore formed into a loose federation. Most of them are corruptly controlled through imperial bribes anyway.
Rome has also been brough to heel quite spectacularly, there have only been twelve Pontiffs who were born outside the empire in nearly 700 years, and even they have been from various vassals or puppets.

5. The Magyar Duchy. Pretty autonomous from the rest of the empire, mainly due to how Germanised the aristocracy have become. They still provide the backbone of the Imperial cavalry however and have proved useful in helping combat Steppe raiders along the frontier.

6. The Kingdom of Palestine. The HRE made a better job of holding the Holy Land then the various Christian states did IOTL. The border is always active, however things are relatively peaceful within. Most Muslims and Jews left once it became evident that the smelly barbarians weren't going to be leaving anytime soon. Those that stayed have had a pretty positive influence with regards to medicene and science though.

7. The Principality of Kiev. One of the few regions where Orthodox Christianity is largely tolerated, though that's only due to the still rather large Muslim population. The principality is essentially run by the Imperial commander due to the rather hectic frontier and the tensions between various groups within the border.

8. The Lithuanian March. Another military province, most Lithuanians are Christian now, but some tribes still cling on to the old ways in the backwoods. A lot of ethnic Poles have started settling the area.